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Insulin‐like growth factor‐ II : its role in metabolic and endocrine disease
Author(s) -
Livingstone Callum,
Borai Anwar
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
clinical endocrinology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.055
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1365-2265
pISSN - 0300-0664
DOI - 10.1111/cen.12446
Subject(s) - endocrinology , polycystic ovary , medicine , endocrine system , growth factor , insulin like growth factor , adipose tissue , biology , insulin , obesity , hormone , metabolic syndrome , diabetes mellitus , insulin resistance , receptor
Summary Insulin‐like growth factor‐ II ( IGF ‐ II ) is a widely expressed 7·5 kDa mitogenic peptide hormone. Although it is abundant in serum, understanding of its physiological role is limited compared with that of IGF ‐I. IGF ‐ II regulates foetal development and differentiation, but its role in adults is less well understood. Evidence suggests roles in a number of tissues including skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, bone and ovary. Altered IGF ‐ II expression has been observed in metabolic conditions, notably obesity, diabetes and the polycystic ovary syndrome. This article summarizes what is known about the actions of IGF ‐ II and its dysregulation in metabolic and endocrine diseases. The possible causes and consequences of dysregulation are discussed along with the implications for diagnostic tests and future research.