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Appetite‐regulating hormones from the upper gut: disrupted control of xenin and ghrelin in night workers
Author(s) -
SchiavoCardozo Daniela,
Lima Marcelo M. O.,
Pareja José Carlos,
Geloneze Bruno
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
clinical endocrinology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.055
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1365-2265
pISSN - 0300-0664
DOI - 10.1111/cen.12114
Subject(s) - ghrelin , medicine , endocrinology , appetite , leptin , adipokine , insulin , hormone , peptide yy , body mass index , meal , obesity , circadian rhythm , insulin resistance , neuropeptide y receptor , neuropeptide , receptor
Objective Shift work is associated with circadian rhythm disorder, impaired sleep and behavioural changes, including eating habits, predisposing to obesity and metabolic dysfunctions. It involves a neuro‐hormonal dysregulation of appetite towards positive energy balance, including increased ghrelin and decreased leptin, but little is known about other hormones, such as xenin, derived from the upper gut (like ghrelin), and lower gut hormones. Our objective was to compare night workers with day workers in relation to appetite‐regulating hormones and other metabolic parameters. Design Cross‐sectional, observational study. Participants Twenty‐four overweight women, divided into night shift workers (n = 12) and day shift workers (n = 12). Measurements BMI , waist circumference, fat mass percentage; diet composition; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; lipids; adipokines; meal tolerance test curves of glucose, insulin, ghrelin, PYY 3‐36, oxyntomodulin, xenin, GLP ‐1; insulin sensitivity (Stumvoll index). Results Night workers, as compared with day workers, had greater body fat mass percentage and tendency to greater waist circumference despite similar BMI ; greater energy intake; impaired sleep; lower insulin sensitivity; increased triglycerides and tendency to increased C‐reactive protein; similar levels of leptin and other adipokines. Night workers had a blunted post‐meal suppression of ghrelin ( AUC i 0–60 min 19·4 ± 139·9 vs −141·9 ± 9·0 ng/ml·60 min, P < 0·01); blunted rise of xenin ( AUC 0–180 min 8690·9 ± 2988·2 vs 28 504·4 ± 20 308·3 pg/ml·180 min, P < 0·01) and similar curves of PYY 3‐36, oxyntomodulin and GPL ‐1. Conclusion Compared with day workers within the same BMI range, night workers presented a disrupted control of ghrelin and xenin, associated with behavioural changes in diet and sleep and increased adiposity and related metabolic alterations.