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Two cases of BRAF‐mutated, bulbar conjunctival melanoma, and review of the published literature
Author(s) -
Kiyohara T.,
Tanimura H.,
Miyamoto M.,
Shijimaya T.,
Nagano N.,
Nakamaru S.,
Makimura K.,
Iwai H.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
clinical and experimental dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.587
H-Index - 78
eISSN - 1365-2230
pISSN - 0307-6938
DOI - 10.1111/ced.14060
Subject(s) - medicine , dabrafenib , cryotherapy , vemurafenib , trametinib , enucleation , melanoma , adjuvant therapy , conjunctiva , dermatology , surgery , pathology , chemotherapy , cancer research , mapk/erk pathway , kinase , metastatic melanoma , biology , microbiology and biotechnology
Summary We describe two patients with BRAF‐mutated melanoma of the epithelioid cell type arising from primary acquired melanosis with severe atypia of the right bulbar conjunctiva. Patient 1 was a 71‐year‐old Japanese man. After adjuvant cryotherapy and enucleation of the right eyeball, therapy with vemurafenib was administered for a distant metastasis to a lumbar vertebra, accompanied by erythema multiforme and two keratinous tumours. The patient died due to metastases to the liver and multiple vertebrae, despite therapy with nivolumab and combination therapy with dabrafenib plus trametinib. Patient 2 was a 72‐year‐old Japanese man. After adjuvant cryotherapy, periodic mitomycin C eye drops, and excision of the superficial portion of the right parotid gland and the dissection of cervical lymph nodes, he was treated with adjuvant combination therapy with dabrafenib plus trametinib. Dermatologists should be familiar with BRAF‐mutated conjunctival melanoma, which is usually located on the bulbar conjunctiva and associated with more frequent distant metastasis.