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Adverse drug reactions in dermatology
Author(s) -
Ferner R. E.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
clinical and experimental dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.587
H-Index - 78
eISSN - 1365-2230
pISSN - 0307-6938
DOI - 10.1111/ced.12572
Subject(s) - medicine , dermatology , drug reaction , pharmacovigilance , abacavir , toxic epidermal necrolysis , drug , efalizumab , adverse effect , intensive care medicine , psoriasis , pharmacology , immunology , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , antiretroviral therapy , viral load , plaque psoriasis
Summary Adverse drug reactions ( ADR s) – that is, unintended and harmful responses to medicines – are important to dermatologists because many present with cutaneous signs and because dermatological treatments can cause serious ADR s. The detection of ADR s to new drugs is often delayed because they have a long latency or are rare or unexpected. This means that ADR s to newer agents emerge only slowly after marketing. ADR s are part of the differential diagnosis of unusual rashes. A good drug history that includes details of drug dose, time‐course of the reaction and factors that may make the patient more susceptible, will help. For example, Stevens–Johnson syndrome with abacavir is much commoner in patients with HLA ‐B*5701, and has a characteristic time course. Newer agents have brought newer reactions; for example, acneiform rashes associated with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors such as erlotinib. Older systemic agents used to treat skin disease, including corticosteroids and methotrexate, cause important ADR s. The adverse effects of newer biological agents used in dermatology are becoming clearer; for example, hypersensitivity reactions or loss of efficacy from antibody formation and progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy due to reactivation of latent JC (John Cunningham) virus infections during efalizumab treatment. Unusual or serious harm from medicines, including ADR s, medication errors and overdose, should be reported. The UK Yellow Card scheme is online, and patients can report their own ADR s.