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Presence of the HLA ‐A*3101 allele in a familial case of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, secondary to carbamazepine
Author(s) -
Anjum N.,
Polak M. E.,
ArdernJones M.,
Cooper H. L.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
clinical and experimental dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.587
H-Index - 78
eISSN - 1365-2230
pISSN - 0307-6938
DOI - 10.1111/ced.12275
Subject(s) - carbamazepine , eosinophilia , medicine , allele , human leukocyte antigen , dermatology , immunology , genetics , epilepsy , psychiatry , biology , gene , antigen
Summary Anticonvulsants such as carbamazepine and phenytoin are associated with adverse skin reactions ranging from maculopapular exanthems to more severe reactions, including drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms ( DRESS ), Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. In addition to their antiepileptic role, anticonvulsants are also used to treat pain syndromes including trigeminal neuralgia. Until recently, the associated skin reactions were thought to be unpredictable; however, the current literature suggests a genetic predisposition involving the human leucocyte antigen ( HLA ) in cutaneous reactions associated with carbamazepine usage. We present two familial cases of DRESS secondary to carbamazepine, in which an underlying genetic predisposition and allelic association were identified.