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Role of house dust mite‐derived extracellular vesicles in a murine model of airway inflammation
Author(s) -
Choi JunPyo,
Jeon Seong Gyu,
Kim YoonKeun,
Cho You Sook
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
clinical and experimental allergy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.462
H-Index - 154
eISSN - 1365-2222
pISSN - 0954-7894
DOI - 10.1111/cea.13295
Subject(s) - house dust mite , inflammation , immunology , extracellular vesicle , biology , innate immune system , microbiology and biotechnology , immune system , chemistry , microvesicles , allergen , allergy , biochemistry , microrna , gene
Summary Background House dust mite ( HDM ) is the major source of indoor allergens that cause airway disease. Recent evidence suggests that Gram‐negative/positive bacteria produce nano‐sized extracellular vesicles ( EV s) containing diverse components, including various immunostimulatory molecules. However, the association between bacteria‐derived EV s and development of airway disease is unclear. Objective To identify and isolate HDM ‐derived EV s and to evaluate their effect on the development of airway inflammation. Methods Extracellular vesicles were isolated from crude HDM extracts by ultra‐centrifugation, and their physical and immunological characteristics and roles in airway inflammation were tested in vitro and in murine models of airway inflammation. In addition, 16s metagenome analysis of nucleic acid from EV s was performed to identify their origin. Results Round, bilayered vesicles measuring 80‐100 nanometres and containing abundant amounts of LPS were isolated. These vesicles induced innate immune responses both in vitro and in vivo. Intranasal exposure of naïve mice to HDM EV s induced production of cytokines associated with development of Th2‐mediated and mixed (Th1‐/Th2‐/Th17‐mediated) airway inflammation to allergen. Metagenome analysis identified Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria as the probable sources of HDM EV s. Conclusion House dust mite EV s originating from Gram‐negative bacteria may play an important role on the development of airway inflammation.