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Associations of maternal and fetal 25‐hydroxyvitamin D levels with childhood lung function and asthma: the Generation R Study
Author(s) -
Gazibara T.,
Dekker H. T.,
Jongste J. C.,
McGrath J. J.,
Eyles D. W.,
Burne T. H.,
Reiss I. K.,
Franco O. H.,
Tiemeier H.,
Jaddoe V. W. V.,
Duijts L.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
clinical and experimental allergy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.462
H-Index - 154
eISSN - 1365-2222
pISSN - 0954-7894
DOI - 10.1111/cea.12645
Subject(s) - medicine , asthma , exhaled nitric oxide , vitamin d and neurology , generation r , prospective cohort study , population , gestation , confidence interval , pediatrics , pregnancy , spirometry , environmental health , biology , genetics
Summary Background Exposure to low levels of vitamin D in fetal life might be a risk factor for childhood asthma. Objective We examined whether 25‐hydroxyvitamin D levels in mid‐gestation and at birth were associated with higher airway resistance and inflammation, and increased risks of wheezing and asthma in school‐age children. Methods We performed a population‐based prospective cohort study among 3130 mothers and their children. Maternal blood samples in mid‐gestation and umbilical cord blood samples at birth were used to determine 25‐hydroxyvitamin D levels. At age of 6, airway resistance (Rint) was measured by interrupter technique and airway inflammation by fractional exhaled nitric oxide ( FENO ) using NIOX chemiluminescence analyser. Wheezing and asthma were prospectively assessed by annual questionnaires until age 6. Results Maternal levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D in mid‐gestation were not associated with Rint, Fe NO , wheezing patterns, or asthma. Children in the lowest tertile of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D levels at birth had a higher Rint ( Z ‐score (95% confidence interval [95% CI ]): −0.42 (−0.84, −0.01), P ‐value for trend< 0.05), compared to those in the highest tertile group. The effect estimate attenuated when child's current 25‐hydroxyvitamin D level was taken into account [ Z ‐score (95% CI ): −0.55 (−1.08, 0.01)]. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance Low levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D at birth were associated with a higher airway resistance in childhood. Additional adjustment for child's current 25‐hydroxyvitamin D level reduced the effect size of the association. Further studies are needed to replicate these findings and to examine mechanisms underlying the observed association and the long‐term consequences.