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Maternal vitamin D and E intakes during early pregnancy are associated with airway epithelial cell responses in neonates
Author(s) -
Miller D. R.,
Turner S. W.,
SpiteriCornish D.,
Scaife A. R.,
Danielian P. J.,
Devereux G. S.,
Walsh G. M.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
clinical and experimental allergy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.462
H-Index - 154
eISSN - 1365-2222
pISSN - 0954-7894
DOI - 10.1111/cea.12490
Subject(s) - medicine , vitamin d and neurology , gestation , endocrinology , pregnancy , immunology , eotaxin , vitamin , tumor necrosis factor alpha , inflammation , biology , chemokine , genetics
Summary Background Antenatal factors including maternal diet may predispose to airway disease, possibly by impacting on fetal airway development. Objective This cohort study tested the hypothesis that maternal vitamin D and E status in early pregnancy is associated with airway epithelial cell ( AEC ) responses in new born infants and examined constitutive and TNF α/ IL ‐1β, house dust mite ( HDM ) extract or lipopolysaccharide ( LPS )‐stimulated neonatal AEC responses in vitro . Methods Maternal dietary vitamin D and E intakes (plasma 25[ OH ]D 3 or α‐tocopherol) were characterized at 10–12 weeks gestation. Neonatal nasal AEC s were collected soon after birth and cultured to tertiary passage. Constitutive and stimulated – TNF α/ IL ‐1β, HDM extract or LPS – secretory responses ( VEGF , RANTES , MCP ‐1, IL ‐17A, IFN ‐γ, GM ‐ CSF , eotaxin, MIP 1‐α, MIP 1‐β, ICAM , IL ‐6, IL ‐8, IL ‐10, TNF ) in 139 AEC cultures were quantified. Results AEC mediator release was greater following TNF ‐α/ IL ‐1β, HDM or LPS stimulation compared to constitutive release. Increased maternal dietary vitamin D was associated with significant increases in IL ‐10 release by AEC after stimulation with TNF ‐α/ IL ‐1β ( P = 0.024) or HDM ( P = 0.049). Maternal plasma α‐tocopherol at 10–12 weeks gestation was positively associated with MIP 1α (Spearman's rho 0.242, P = 0.009) and IL ‐3 (ρ 0.189, P = 0.043) responses after TNF ‐α/ IL ‐1β stimulation and negatively associated with TNF (ρ ‐0.404, P = 0.011) and MIP 1β (ρ ‐0.322, P = 0.046) responses after LPS stimulation. Discussion Neonatal AEC s respond to pro‐inflammatory and allergenic stimuli in vitro demonstrating their potential to function as components of the innate immune response. Our findings suggest that associations exist between maternal micronutrient intake during early pregnancy and aspects of stimulated neonatal airway epithelial cell secretory function that may in turn impact on the development of asthma and/or allergic rhinitis in later life.