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Association between vitamin D deficiency and periodontal status in current smokers
Author(s) -
Lee HyoJin,
Je DongIl,
Won SeongJae,
Paik DaiIl,
Bae KwangHak
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
community dentistry and oral epidemiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.061
H-Index - 101
eISSN - 1600-0528
pISSN - 0301-5661
DOI - 10.1111/cdoe.12173
Subject(s) - medicine , national health and nutrition examination survey , periodontitis , odds ratio , confidence interval , vitamin d and neurology , vitamin d deficiency , logistic regression , demography , environmental health , population , sociology
Objectives The aim of this study was to examine whether vitamin D level is associated with periodontitis using a representative sample of K orean adults. Methods A total of 6011 subjects who participated in the fourth K orea N ational H ealth and N utrition E xamination S urvey ( KNHANES ) were examined. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25‐hydroxyvitamin D serum concentrations to be under or equal to 20 ng/ml. We assessed periodontal conditions by C ommunity P eriodontal I ndex ( CPI ) and defined higher CPI as ≥code 3. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed adjusting for sociodemographics, oral and general health behaviors, and systemic health status. All analyses considered a complex sampling design, and a subgroup analysis was performed to determine estimates stratified according to the effect modifier. Results There was no association between vitamin D deficiency and higher CPI after adjusting for the covariates in the total sample. According to the strata of smoking, the significant association was found in only current smokers after adjusting for the covariates including pack‐years (odds ratio: 1.53, 95% confidence interval: 1.07–2.18). Conclusions A significant association between vitamin D deficiency and periodontal status was found in only current smokers. Smoking could modify the effect of vitamin D on periodontitis.