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Infants’ Social Experiences in Three African Sociocultural Contexts
Author(s) -
Otto Hiltrud W. R.,
Schuitmaker Nicole,
Lamm Bettina,
Abels Monika,
Serdtse Yan,
Yovsi Relindis,
Tomlinson Mark
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
child development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.103
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1467-8624
pISSN - 0009-3920
DOI - 10.1111/cdev.12661
Subject(s) - psychology , developmental psychology , poverty , social environment , context (archaeology) , middle class , child development , sociocultural evolution , face (sociological concept) , social psychology , sociology , geography , social science , archaeology , political science , anthropology , law , economics , economic growth
This study introduces a peri‐urban context of poverty to the study of child development in Africa in contrast to the more typical assessments in middle‐class and rural contexts. Spot observations were used to assess universal caregiving behaviors toward seventy‐six 3‐month‐old infants. Results show that middle‐class infants experienced distal parenting behaviors instantiated by mothers, whereas rural children experienced proximal parenting practices in interactions with others. Infants growing up in poverty had mothers and other caretakers involved at mostly low levels. They experienced low levels of body contact, body stimulation, and object stimulation, and high levels of face‐to‐face positions. The study indicates that caregiving in the context of poverty does not necessarily follow familiar pathways and needs to be contextualized accordingly.