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Beyond Stimulus Deprivation: Iron Deficiency and Cognitive Deficits in Postinstitutionalized Children
Author(s) -
Doom Jenalee R.,
Gunnar Megan R.,
Georgieff Michael K.,
Kroupina Maria G.,
Frenn Kristin,
Fuglestad Anita J.,
Carlson Stephanie M.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
child development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.103
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1467-8624
pISSN - 0009-3920
DOI - 10.1111/cdev.12231
Subject(s) - psychology , cognition , stimulus (psychology) , developmental psychology , intelligence quotient , effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance , cognitive development , cognitive skill , child development , audiology , clinical psychology , psychiatry , medicine , cognitive psychology
Children adopted from institutions have been studied as models of the impact of stimulus deprivation on cognitive development (Nelson, Bos, Gunnar, & Sonuga‐Barke, 2011), but these children may also suffer from micronutrient deficiencies (Fuglestad et al., 2008). The contributions of iron deficiency ( ID ) and duration of deprivation on cognitive functioning in children adopted from institutions between 17 and 36 months of age were examined. ID was assessed in 55 children soon after adoption, and cognitive functioning was evaluated 11–14.6 months postadoption when the children averaged 37.4 months old ( SD = 4.9). ID at adoption and longer duration of institutional care independently predicted lower IQ scores and executive function ( EF ) performance. IQ did not mediate the association between ID and EF .