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Differences in activities of daily living ( ADL ) abilities of children across world regions: a validity study of the assessment of motor and process skills
Author(s) -
Gantschnig B. E.,
Fisher A. G.,
Page J.,
Meichtry A.,
Nilsson I.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
child: care, health and development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.832
H-Index - 82
eISSN - 1365-2214
pISSN - 0305-1862
DOI - 10.1111/cch.12170
Subject(s) - activities of daily living , rasch model , occupational therapy , gross motor skill , normative , psychological intervention , psychology , analysis of variance , motor skill , physical therapy , medicine , developmental psychology , philosophy , epistemology , psychiatry
Background One important goal of paediatric occupational therapy services is to improve activities of daily living ( ADL ) abilities of children. In order to plan and evaluate the effectiveness of targeted interventions, valid assessments are critically needed. The A ssessment of M otor and P rocess S kills ( AMPS ) is an internationally standardized assessment of ADL performance that has not been validated for use with children in M iddle E urope. Aim To evaluate for (i) significant differences in mean ADL motor and mean ADL process ability measures among children from M iddle E urope compared with children from N orth A merica, UK / R epublic of I reland, N ordic countries, W estern E urope, A ustralia/ N ew Z ealand and A sia; and (ii) meaningful differences between the international age‐normative means of the AMPS and those for children from M iddle E urope. Method We analysed data of children across world regions extracted from the international AMPS database using many‐facet R asch and two‐way anova analyses and by estimating contrasts to evaluate for significant group differences. Results anova analyses of data for 11 189 children ages 2–15 revealed significant effects for mean ADL motor and ADL process ability by region [ F ≥ 15.32, d.f. = (6, 11 091), MSE ≥ 0.20, P < 0.001, ή 2 ≥ 0.008], and age [ F ≥ 253.47, d.f. = (13, 11 091), MSE ≥ 0.20, P < 0.001, ή 2 ≥ 0.229], and a significant interaction effect for mean ADL process ability [ F = 1.48, d.f. = (78, 11 091), P = 0.004, ή 2 = 0.010]. Out of 168 estimated contrasts between M iddle E urope and the other world regions for mean ADL motor and ADL process ability, seven were statistically significant (4.17%), but none exceeded ±1 SE from the international means. Conclusion The AMPS remains free of relevant differences in mean ADL ability measures between M iddle E urope and other world regions, indicating that the international age‐normative mean values are likely to be applicable to children from M iddle E urope. The AMPS can be used internationally to evaluate ADL performance in children and to determine if the child is eligible for occupational therapy services.