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Discovery of potent α‐glucosidase inhibitors through structure‐based virtual screening of an in‐house azole collection
Author(s) -
Sari Suat,
Barut Burak,
Özel Arzu,
Saraç Selma
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
chemical biology and drug design
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.59
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1747-0285
pISSN - 1747-0277
DOI - 10.1111/cbdd.13805
Subject(s) - azole , acarbose , chemistry , potency , virtual screening , pharmacology , drug , docking (animal) , tolerability , stereochemistry , covid-19 , enzyme , in vitro , combinatorial chemistry , medicine , biochemistry , pharmacophore , antifungal , adverse effect , disease , infectious disease (medical specialty) , nursing , dermatology
Diabetes mellitus, a chronic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, is considered a pandemic of modern times. α‐Glucosidase inhibitors emerged as a promising class of antidiabetic drugs with better tolerability compared with its alternatives. Azoles, although widely preferred in drug design, have scarcely been investigated for their potential against α‐glucosidase. In this study, we evaluated α‐glucosidase inhibitory effects 20 azole derivatives selected out of an in‐house collection via structure‐based virtual screening (VS) with consensus scoring approach. Seven compounds were identified with better IC 50 values than acarbose (IC 50 = 68.18 ± 1.01 µM), a well‐known α‐glucosidase inhibitor drug, which meant 35% success for our VS methodology. Compound 52 , 54 , 56 , 59 , and 81 proved highly potent with IC 50 values in the range of 40–60 µM. According to the enzyme kinetics study, four of them were competitive, 56 was non‐competitive inhibitor. Structure‐activity relationships, quantum mechanical, and docking analyses showed that azole rings at ionized state may be key to the potency observed for the active compounds and modifications to shift the balance between the neutral and ionized states further to the latter could yield more potent derivatives.