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Programmed cell death ligand‐1: A dynamic immune checkpoint in cancer therapy
Author(s) -
Kalim Muhammad,
Iqbal Khan Muhammad Saleem,
Zhan Jinbiao
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
chemical biology and drug design
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.59
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1747-0285
pISSN - 1747-0277
DOI - 10.1111/cbdd.13677
Subject(s) - immune checkpoint , immune system , pd l1 , cancer research , transmembrane protein , cancer cell , t cell , antibody , cancer , cell , cell growth , microbiology and biotechnology , immunotherapy , biology , chemistry , immunology , receptor , biochemistry , genetics
Antibody‐based immunotherapies play a pivotal role in cancer research with efficient achievements in tumor suppression. Tumor survival is assisted by modulation of immune checkpoints to create imbalances between immune cells and cancer cell's environment. The modulation results in T‐cell signal inhibition ultimately inert its proliferation and activation against various tumor cells. PD‐L1, a 40 kDa transmembrane protein of B7 family, binds with PD‐1 on the membrane of T cells which results in inhibition of T‐cell proliferation and activation. PD‐L1/PD‐1 pathway has generated novel target sites for antibodies that can block PD‐L1/PD‐1 interactions. The blockage results in T‐cell proliferation and tumor cell suppression. The PD‐L1 immune checkpoint strategies’ development, expression and regulations, signal inhibitions, and developmental stages of PD‐L1/PD‐1 antibodies are briefly discussed here in this review. All this information will provide a base for new therapeutic development against PD‐L1 and PD‐1 immune checkpoint interactions and will make available promising treatment options.