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Computational insights into the interaction mechanisms of estrogen‐related receptor alpha with endogenous ligand cholesterol
Author(s) -
Li Dongping,
Cai Yingchun,
Teng Dan,
Li Weihua,
Tang Yun,
Liu Guixia
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
chemical biology and drug design
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.59
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1747-0285
pISSN - 1747-0277
DOI - 10.1111/cbdd.13506
Subject(s) - coactivator , estrogen related receptor alpha , chemistry , nuclear receptor , agonist , docking (animal) , receptor , cholesterol , biochemistry , stereochemistry , estrogen receptor , biology , transcription factor , medicine , genetics , nursing , cancer , breast cancer , gene
Estrogen‐related receptor alpha ( ERR α) has attracted increasing concerns. ERR α, orphan nuclear receptor, plays important roles in energy metabolism. Therefore, small molecule agonists of ERR α could be a potential therapeutic strategy in the treatment of metabolic diseases such as diabetes. Recently, Wei et al. identified cholesterol as the endogenous agonist of ERR α. However, the detailed molecular mechanism of cholesterol bound with ERR α remains ambiguous. Thus, in this study molecular docking and molecular dynamics ( MD ) simulations were performed to characterize how cholesterol affects the behavior of ERR α. Based on the results, we found that a proven residue Phe232 and others including Leu228, Glu235, Arg276, and Phe399 were key residues to ligand binding. A hydrogen‐bonding interaction between cholesterol and Glu235 ensured the orientation of the ligand in the binding pocket, while hydrophobic interactions between cholesterol and the above‐mentioned residues promoted the stability of ERR α‐cholesterol complex. In the presence of the proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator 1α ( PGC ‐1α), the cholesterol‐ ERR α interaction became more stable. Interestingly, we observed that cholesterol facilitated the binding of ERR α with its coactivator PGC ‐1α via stabilizing the conformation of helix 12 and the interaction surface of ERR α/ PGC ‐1α. Overall, these findings would be valuable for the future rational design of novel ERR α agonists.