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New resistance mutations to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors at codon 184 of HIV ‐1 reverse transcriptase (M184L and M184T)
Author(s) -
Pouga Lydia,
Santoro Maria Mercedes,
Charpentier Charlotte,
Di Carlo Domenico,
Romeo Isabella,
Artese Anna,
Alcaro Stefano,
Antinori Andrea,
Wirden Marc,
Perno Carlo Federico,
Ambrosio Francesca Alessandra,
Calvez Vincent,
Descamps Diane,
Marcelin AnneGeneviève,
CeccheriniSilberstein Francesca,
LambertNiclot Sidonie
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
chemical biology and drug design
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.59
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1747-0285
pISSN - 1747-0277
DOI - 10.1111/cbdd.13378
Subject(s) - reverse transcriptase , resistance mutation , nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor , emtricitabine , lamivudine , mutation , virology , biology , genetics , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , nucleotidyltransferase , drug resistance , microbiology and biotechnology , gene , rna , virus , hepatitis b virus
Mutations at HIV ‐1 reverse transcriptase ( RT ) codon 184 such as M184V confer resistance to two nucleos(t)ide RT inhibitors ( NRTI ), lamivudine (3 TC ) and emtricitabine ( FTC ). The prevalence of mutations at HIV ‐1 RT codon 184 was evaluated using three independent RT sequence databases from treatment‐experienced ( TE ) and treatment‐naïve ( TN ) individuals. Data were collected retrospectively from three centers: one in Italy and two in France between 1997 and 2016. In order to highlight the role of these mutations in conferring drug resistance, structural and thermodynamic analyses were conducted by means of computational approaches. Among 32,440 RT sequences isolated from TE and 12,365 isolated from TN patients, the prevalence of HIV ‐1 RT codon 184 substitutions in each group was 31.21% and 0.72%, respectively. The mutations M184L and M184T have been observed only in TE patients. In all cases but four, M184L and M184T mutations were present during NRTI treatment. Molecular recognition studies on M184L and M184T structures showed both FTC and 3 TC thermodynamic profiles unfavorable in comparison with the wild‐type sequence, corroborated by molecular dynamic simulations ( MDS ). In this study, we highlighted two new resistance mutations in vivo for NRTI resistance. The low frequency of this pathway can be related to high impairment of replicative capacity mediated by these mutations.