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Targeting NAMPT for Therapeutic Intervention in Cancer and Inflammation: Structure‐Based Drug Design and Biological Screening
Author(s) -
Pulla Venkat K.,
Sriram Dinavahi S.,
Soni Vijay,
Viswanadha Srikant,
Sriram Dharmarajan,
Yogeeswari Perumal
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
chemical biology and drug design
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.59
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1747-0285
pISSN - 1747-0277
DOI - 10.1111/cbdd.12562
Subject(s) - nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase , nad+ kinase , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide , pharmacophore , nicotinamide mononucleotide , cofactor , chemistry , cancer research , inflammation , enzyme , biochemistry , nicotinamide , pharmacology , biology , immunology
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase ( NAMPT ) is a rate limiting enzyme that plays an important role in the synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ( NAD ) via a salvage pathway. Along with a role in bioenergetics, NAMPT regulates the activity of proteins such as SIRT ‐1 that utilize NAD as a cofactor. As NAD metabolism is usually high in diseased conditions, it has been hypothesized and proven that NAMPT is over expressed in various cancers and inflammatory disorders. Inhibitors targeting NAMPT could therefore be useful in treating disorders arising from aberrant NAMPT signalling. In this study, inhibitors against NAMPT were designed using an energy‐based pharmacophore strategy and evaluated for efficacy in cellular assays. Besides reducing cellular pools of NAD and NMN , NAMPT inhibitors decreased concentrations of reactive oxygen species as well as mRNA levels of TNF α and IL 6, thereby implicating their potential in alleviating the inflammatory process. In addition, reduced NAD levels corroborated with an induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines.