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EWSR1/ELF5 induces acute myeloid leukemia by inhibiting p53/p21 pathway Page 1745–54 Oncogenic transformation involving the Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 (EWSR1) gene has been extensively described in Ewing and other sarcomatous malignancies. The presence of translocations with EWSR1 may drive the development of other malignancies, but this has rarely been described. In their report, Endo and colleagues describe such an unusual condition in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). They present the first reported case of a patient with AML and a specific karyotype anomaly involving EWSR1. The authors take their description further by performing cellular experiments to show that the carcinogenesis of the translocation is dependent on the classic p53/p21dependent neoplastic pathway. doi: 10.1111/cas.13080