Open AccessClinical features and prognosis of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes who were exposed to atomic bomb radiation in Nagasaki
Author(s) -
Matsuo Masatoshi,
Iwanaga Masako,
Kondo Hisayoshi,
Soda Midori,
Jo Tatsuro,
Horio Kensuke,
Takasaki Yumi,
Kawaguchi Yasuhisa,
Tsushima Hideki,
Imaizumi Yoshitaka,
Imanishi Daisuke,
Taguchi Jun,
Sawayama Yasushi,
Hata Tomoko,
Miyazaki Yasushi
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
cancer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.035
H-Index - 141
eISSN - 1349-7006
pISSN - 1347-9032
DOI - 10.1111/cas.13025
Subject(s) - myelodysplastic syndromes , international prognostic scoring system , medicine , incidence (geometry) , cumulative incidence , cytogenetics , proportional hazards model , multivariate analysis , leukemia , oncology , bone marrow , chromosome , cohort , biology , genetics , physics , optics , gene
There is evidence that radiation exposure is a causative factor of myelodysplastic syndromes ( MDS ). However, little is known about whether radiation exposure is also a prognostic factor of MDS . We investigated the impact of radiation exposure on the prognosis of MDS in Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors using the International Prognostic Scoring System ( IPSS ) and the revised version ( IPSS ‐R). Subjects were 140 patients with primary MDS diagnosed between 1985 and 2011 and evaluable for IPSS , IPSS ‐R, and exposure distance. Of those, 31 were exposed at <1.5 km, 35 at 1.5–2.99 km, and 74 at ≥3.0 km. By the end of March 2014, 47 patients (34%) progressed to overt leukemia and 106 (75.7%) died. By comparing with patients exposed at ≥3.0 km, those exposed at <1.5 km had significantly higher frequencies of abnormal chromosome ( P = 0.02), intermediate/poor IPSS , and intermediate/poor/very poor IPSS ‐R cytogenetic category ( P = 0.0001, and P < 0.0001, respectively). As with de novo MDS , multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that cytogenetic abnormalities, IPSS karyotype, and IPSS ‐R cytogenetics were significantly associated with poor survival, and cumulative incidence of leukemic transformation in MDS among atomic bomb survivors, but exposure distance was not associated with any poor outcomes. These suggest that exposure to the greater dose of atomic bomb radiation is associated with developing poor cytogenetic abnormalities in MDS , which might consequently lead to overt leukemia among atomic bomb survivors.