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Recently, research into the development of new targeted therapies has focused on specific genetic alterations to create advanced, more personalized treatment. One of the target genes,  fibroblast growth factor receptor‐1  (  FGFR 1 ), has been reported to be amplified in estrogen receptor ( ER )‐positive subtype breast cancer, and is considered one possible mechanism of endocrine resistance through cross‐talk between  ER  and growth factor receptor signaling. We performed a comprehensive analysis of   FGFR 1  at the levels of gene copy number, transcript and protein expression, and examined the relationships between  FGFR 1 status and clinicopathological parameters, including prognosis in 307  ER ‐positive/ HER 2‐negative primary breast cancer patients treated with standard care at our institute. Most notably, a high level of  FGFR 1 protein expression was observed in 85 patients (27.7%), and was positively associated with invasive tumor size ( P  = 0.039). Furthermore, univariate analysis revealed that high  FGFR 1 protein expression was significantly correlated with poor relapse‐free survival rate ( P  = 0.0019,  HR : 2.63, 95% confidence interval: 1.17–5.98), and showed a tendency towards an increase in recurrent events if the observation period extended beyond the 5 years of the standard endocrine treatment term.   FGFR 1  gain/amplification was found in 43 (14.0%) patients, which was only associated with higher nuclear grade ( P  = 0.010). No correlation was found between   FGFR 1   mRNA  expression levels and any clinicopathological factors. Overall, the level of  FGFR 1 protein expression may be a biomarker of  ER ‐positive/ HER 2‐negative primary breast cancer with possible resistance to standard treatment, and may be a useful tool to identify more specific patients who would benefit from  FGFR ‐1 targeted therapy.

cancer science

Fibroblast growth factor receptor‐1 protein expression is associated with prognosis in estrogen receptor‐positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor‐2‐negative primary breast cancer