English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Zendy Plus

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Zendy Tools

Zendy Open

Bladder urothelial carcinoma is diagnosed and followed up after transurethral resection using a combination of cystoscopy, urine cytology and urine biomarkers at regular intervals. However, cystoscopy can overlook flat lesions like carcinoma  in situ , and the sensitivity of urinary tests is poor in low‐grade tumors. There is an emergent need for an objective and easy urinary diagnostic test for the management of bladder cancer. In this study, three different modalities for 5‐aminolevulinic acid ( ALA )‐based photodynamic diagnostic tests were used. We developed a compact‐size, desktop‐type device quantifying red fluorescence in cell suspensions, named “Cellular Fluorescence Analysis Unit” ( CFAU ). Urine samples from 58 patients with bladder cancer were centrifuged, and urine sediments were then treated with  ALA .  ALA ‐treated sediments were subjected to three fluorescence detection assays, including the  CFAU  assay. The overall sensitivities of conventional cytology,  BTA ,  NMP 22, fluorescence cytology, fluorescent spectrophotometric assay and  CFAU  assay were 48%, 33%, 40%, 86%, 86% and 87%, respectively. Three different  ALA ‐based assays showed high sensitivity and specificity. The  ALA ‐based assay detected low‐grade and low‐stage bladder urothelial cells at shigher rate (68–80% sensitivity) than conventional urine cytology,  BTA  and  NMP 22 (8–20% sensitivity). Our findings demonstrate that the  ALA ‐based fluorescence detection assay is promising tool for the management of bladder cancer. Development of a rapid and automated device for  ALA ‐based photodynamic assay is necessary to avoid the variability induced by troublesome steps and low stability of specimens.

Diagnostic approach for cancer cells in urine sediments by 5‐aminolevulinic acid‐based photodynamic detection in bladder cancer