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A comparison of public and private partnership models for urban commercial revitalization in Canada and Spain
Author(s) -
Espinosa Ana,
Hernandez Tony
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the canadian geographer / le géographe canadien
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.35
H-Index - 46
eISSN - 1541-0064
pISSN - 0008-3658
DOI - 10.1111/cag.12226
Subject(s) - general partnership , scope (computer science) , corporate governance , public–private partnership , private sector , stakeholder engagement , stakeholder , business , public administration , public sector , balance (ability) , regional science , political science , geography , public relations , finance , medicine , computer science , law , physical medicine and rehabilitation , programming language
Key Messages Public‐private partnership (PPP) has been a popular response to urban commercial revitalization. Two modes of PPP, the Canadian Business Improvement Areas (BIA) and the Spanish Centros Comerciales Abiertos (CCA) are examined. BIA and CCA are shown to vary by geographic extent, project scope, urban governance structure, balance of public‐private sector control, and level of stakeholder engagement.