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De novo lipogenesis in the liver in health and disease: more than just a shunting yard for glucose
Author(s) -
Sanders Francis W. B.,
Griffin Julian L.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
biological reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.993
H-Index - 165
eISSN - 1469-185X
pISSN - 1464-7931
DOI - 10.1111/brv.12178
Subject(s) - lipogenesis , insulin resistance , fatty liver , pathogenesis , context (archaeology) , endocrinology , metabolic syndrome , biology , fructose , nonalcoholic fatty liver disease , medicine , insulin , disease , diabetes mellitus , biochemistry , metabolism , paleontology
Hepatic de novo lipogenesis ( DNL ) is the biochemical process of synthesising fatty acids from acetyl‐ CoA subunits that are produced from a number of different pathways within the cell, most commonly carbohydrate catabolism. In addition to glucose which most commonly supplies carbon units for DNL , fructose is also a profoundly lipogenic substrate that can drive DNL , important when considering the increasing use of fructose in corn syrup as a sweetener. In the context of disease, DNL is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, a common condition often associated with the metabolic syndrome and consequent insulin resistance. Whether DNL plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance is yet to be fully elucidated, but it may be that the prevalent products of this synthetic process induce some aspect of hepatic insulin resistance.