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The role of apolipoprotein A 5 in obesity and the metabolic syndrome
Author(s) -
Zheng XiaoYan,
Zhao ShuiPing,
Yan Hu
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
biological reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.993
H-Index - 165
eISSN - 1469-185X
pISSN - 1464-7931
DOI - 10.1111/brv.12005
Subject(s) - triglyceride , adipose tissue , endocrinology , lipid metabolism , apolipoprotein b , metabolic syndrome , medicine , obesity , lipid droplet , biology , regulator , cholesterol , microbiology and biotechnology , genetics , gene
Apolipoprotein A 5 ( apoA 5) has an important role in lipid metabolism, specifically for triglyceride‐rich lipoproteins. Recently, evidence has emerged for an association between genetic variability at the APOA5 locus and increased risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome. However, its mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated. Importantly, an intracellular role of apoA 5 has been indicated since apoA 5 is associated with cytoplasmic lipid droplets and affects intrahepatic triglyceride accumulation, as well as affecting intravascular triglyceride metabolism. Given that adipocytes provide the largest storage depot for energy in the form of triglyceride within the lipid droplets, and play a crucial role in the development of obesity, we highlight recent findings discussing the interaction of apoA 5 with adipocytes or adipose tissue, indicating that apoA 5 may act as a novel regulator to modulate triglyceride storage in adipocytes. We review the association ofAPOA5 gene polymorphisms with obesity and metabolic syndrome, and propose potential mechanisms by which apoA 5 may increase susceptibility to these conditions. This review provides new insights into the physiological role of apoA 5 and identifies a potential therapeutic target for obesity and associated disorders.