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Changes in mitochondrial function are pivotal in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders: How important is BDNF ?
Author(s) -
Markham A,
Bains R,
Franklin P,
Spedding M
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
british journal of pharmacology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.432
H-Index - 211
eISSN - 1476-5381
pISSN - 0007-1188
DOI - 10.1111/bph.12531
Subject(s) - neuroscience , neurotrophic factors , neuroplasticity , oxidative stress , mitochondrion , function (biology) , brain derived neurotrophic factor , energy metabolism , mood disorders , oxidative phosphorylation , mood , mitochondrial biogenesis , medicine , psychology , bioinformatics , biology , endocrinology , psychiatry , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , anxiety , receptor
The brain is at the very limit of its energy supply and has evolved specific means of adapting function to energy supply, of which mitochondria form a crucial link. Neurotrophic and inflammatory processes may not only have opposite effects on neuroplasticity, but also involve opposite effects on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and glycolytic processes, respectively, modulated by stress and glucocorticoids, which also have marked effects on mood. Neurodegenerative processes show marked disorders in oxidative metabolism in key brain areas, sometimes decades before symptoms appear (Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases). We argue that brain-derived neurotrophic factor couples activity to changes in respiratory efficiency and these effects may be opposed by inflammatory cytokines, a key factor in neurodegenerative processes.