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Unravelling the mechanism of action of NS9283 , a positive allosteric modulator of ( α 4) 3 ( β 2) 2 nicotinic ACh receptors
Author(s) -
Grupe M,
Jensen AA,
Ahring PK,
Christensen JK,
Grunnet M
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
british journal of pharmacology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.432
H-Index - 211
eISSN - 1476-5381
pISSN - 0007-1188
DOI - 10.1111/bph.12095
Subject(s) - allosteric regulation , hek 293 cells , chemistry , acetylcholine receptor , allosteric modulator , nicotinic agonist , nicotinic acetylcholine receptor , receptor , mechanism of action , desensitization (medicine) , long term potentiation , biophysics , electrophysiology , gabaa receptor , pharmacology , inhibitory postsynaptic potential , patch clamp , neuroscience , biochemistry , biology , in vitro
Background and Purpose Strong implications in major neurological diseases make the neuronal α 4 β 2 nicotinic ACh receptor ( nAChR ) a highly interesting drug target. In this study, we present a detailed electrophysiological characterization of NS9283 , a potent positive allosteric modulator acting selectively at 3 α :2 β stoichiometry of α 2* and α 4* nAChRs . Experimental Approach The whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique equipped with an ultra‐fast drug application system was used to perform electrophysiological characterization of NS9283 modulatory actions on human α 4 β 2 nAChRs stably expressed in HEK293 cells ( HEK293 ‐h α 4 β 2). Key Results NS9283 was demonstrated to increase the potency of ACh ‐evoked currents in HEK293 ‐h α 4 β 2 cells by left‐shifting the concentration–response curve ∼60‐fold. Interestingly, this modulation did not significantly alter maximal efficacy levels of ACh . Further, NS9283 did not affect the rate of desensitization of ACh ‐evoked currents, was incapable of reactivating desensitized receptors and only moderately slowed recovery from desensitization. However, NS9283 strongly decreased the rate of deactivation kinetics and also modestly decreased the rate of activation. This resulted in a left‐shift of the ACh window current of ( α 4) 3 ( β 2) 2 nAChRs in the presence of NS9283 . Conclusions and Implications This study demonstrates that NS9283 increases responsiveness of human ( α 4) 3 ( β 2) 2 nAChR to ACh with no change in maximum efficacy. We propose that this potentiation is due to a significant slowing of deactivation kinetics. In summary, the mechanism of action of NS9283 bears high resemblance to that of benzodiazepines at the GABA A receptor and to our knowledge, NS9283 constitutes the first nAChR compound of this class.