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Alpha‐Synuclein as a Biomarker for Parkinson's Disease
Author(s) -
Atik Anzari,
Stewart Tessandra,
Zhang Jing
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
brain pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.986
H-Index - 132
eISSN - 1750-3639
pISSN - 1015-6305
DOI - 10.1111/bpa.12370
Subject(s) - biomarker , disease , parkinson's disease , medicine , cerebrospinal fluid , alpha synuclein , pathogenesis , pathology , bioinformatics , biology , biochemistry
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, characterized pathologically by the presence of α‐synuclein (α‐syn)‐rich Lewy bodies. As clinical diagnosis of PD is challenging, misdiagnosis is common, highlighting the need for disease‐specific and early stage biomarkers. Both early diagnosis of PD and adequate tracking of disease progression could significantly improve outcomes for patients, particularly in regard to existing and future disease modifying treatments. Given its critical roles in PD pathogenesis, α‐syn may be useful as a biomarker of PD. The aim of this review is, therefore, to summarize the efficacy of tissue and body fluid α‐syn measurements in the detection of PD as well as monitoring disease progression. In comparison to solid tissue specimens and biopsies, biofluid α‐syn levels may be the most promising candidates in PD diagnosis and progression based on specificity, sensitivity and availability. Although α‐syn has been tested most extensively in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the relatively invasive procedure for collecting CSF is not suitable in most clinical settings, leading to investigation of plasma, blood and saliva as alternatives. The exploration of combined biomarkers, along with α‐syn, to improve diagnostic accuracy is also likely required.

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