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Role of A‐ and B‐type lamins in nuclear structure–function relationships
Author(s) -
Patil Shalaka,
Sengupta Kundan
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
biology of the cell
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.543
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1768-322X
pISSN - 0248-4900
DOI - 10.1111/boc.202000160
Subject(s) - lamin , nuclear lamina , biology , inner membrane , microbiology and biotechnology , cytoskeleton , nuclear protein , chromatin , cell nucleus , nucleus , genetics , cell , gene , transcription factor , mitochondrion
Nuclear lamins are type V intermediate filament proteins that form a filamentous meshwork beneath the inner nuclear membrane. Additionally, a sub‐population of A‐ and B‐type lamins localizes in the nuclear interior. The nuclear lamina protects the nucleus from mechanical stress and mediates nucleo‐cytoskeletal coupling. Lamins form a scaffold that partially tethers chromatin at the nuclear envelope. The nuclear lamina also stabilises protein–protein interactions involved in gene regulation and DNA repair. The lamin‐based protein sub‐complexes are implicated in both nuclear and cytoskeletal organisation, the mechanical stability of the nucleus, genome organisation, transcriptional regulation, genome stability and cellular differentiation. Here, we review recent research on nuclear lamins and unique roles of A‐ and B‐type lamins in modulating various nuclear processes and their impact on cell function.