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Inflammatory environment induces gingival tissue‐specific mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate towards a pro‐fibrotic phenotype
Author(s) -
Li Nan,
Liu Na,
Zhou Jun,
Tang Liang,
Ding Bofu,
Duan Yinzhong,
Jin Yan
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
biology of the cell
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.543
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1768-322X
pISSN - 0248-4900
DOI - 10.1111/boc.201200064
Subject(s) - mesenchymal stem cell , biology , extracellular matrix , inflammation , phenotype , matrix metalloproteinase , proinflammatory cytokine , in vivo , microbiology and biotechnology , stem cell , immunology , biochemistry , gene
Abstract Background Information Human gingival tissues are prone to hyperplasia under inflammatory stimuli. We have identified gingival tissue‐specific mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) and found their functional change being correlated with drug‐induced gingival hyperplasia. However, whether these cells exhibit characteristics of pro‐fibrotic phenotype under inflammatory condition remains unknown. Results GMSCs isolated from human normal gingival tissues (N‐GMSC) and inflammatory gingival tissues (I‐GMSC) were cultured in vitro, representative cytokines were added to simulate the in vivo inflammatory environment. Under the influence of the inflammatory cytokines, GMSCs exhibited higher rate of proliferation than those under normal condition, while their potential for osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation was suppressed. The expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)‐1, MMP‐2, IL‐1, IL‐6, TNF‐α and type 1 collagen was significantly higher in I‐GMSCs than in N‐GMSCs. Furthermore, compared with dental pulp stem cells, GMSCs showed different pattern of gene expression and extracellular matrix formation in inflammatory environment. Conclusions Inflammatory microenvironment induces GMSCs to differentiate towards a pro‐fibrotic phenotype, which could underlie the hyperplastic appearance of inflammatory gingiva.