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Dynamic sentinel lymph node biopsy for penile cancer: a comparison between 1‐ and 2‐day protocols
Author(s) -
Dimopoulos Panagiotis,
Christopoulos Panagiotis,
Shilito Sam,
Gall Zara,
Murby Brian,
Ashworth David,
Taylor Ben,
Carrington Bernadette,
Shanks Jonathan,
Clarke Noel,
Ramani Vijay,
Parr Nigel,
Lau Maurice,
Sangar Vijay
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
bju international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.773
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1464-410X
pISSN - 1464-4096
DOI - 10.1111/bju.13389
Subject(s) - penile cancer , sentinel lymph node , biopsy , medicine , sentinel node , cancer , radiology , breast cancer
Objective To determine the outcome of clinically negative node ( cN 0) patients with penile cancer undergoing dynamic sentinel node biopsy ( DSNB ), comparing the results of a 1‐ and 2‐day protocol that can be used as a minimal invasive procedure for staging of penile cancer. Patients and Methods This is a retrospective analysis of 151 cN 0 patients who underwent DSNB from 2008 to 2013 for newly diagnosed penile cancer. Data were analysed per groin and separated into groups according to the protocol followed. The comparison of the two protocols involved the number of nodes excised, γ‐counts, false‐negative rates ( FNR ), and complication rates (Clavien–Dindo grading system). Results In all, 280 groins from 151 patients underwent DSNB after a negative ultrasound ± fine‐needle aspiration cytology. The 1‐day protocol was performed in 65 groins and the 2‐day protocol in 215. Statistically significantly more nodes were harvested with the 1‐day protocol (1.92/groin) compared with the 2‐day protocol (1.60/groin). The FNR s were 0%, 6.8% and 5.1%, for the 1‐day protocol, 2‐day protocol, and overall, respectively. Morbidity of the DSNB was 21.4% for all groins, and 26.2% and 20.1% for the 1‐day and 2‐day protocols, respectively. Most of the complications were of Clavien–Dindo Grade 1–2. Conclusions DSNB is safe for staging patients with penile cancer. There is a trend towards a 1‐day protocol having a lower FNR than a 2‐day protocol, albeit at the expense of a slightly higher complication rate.