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Increase of Framingham cardiovascular disease risk score is associated with severity of lower urinary tract symptoms
Author(s) -
Russo Giorgio I.,
Castelli Tommaso,
Privitera Salvatore,
Fragalà Eugenia,
Favilla Vincenzo,
Reale Giulio,
Urzì Daniele,
La Vignera Sandro,
Condorelli Rosita A.,
Calogero Aldo E.,
Cimino Sebastiano,
Morgia Giuseppe
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
bju international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.773
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1464-410X
pISSN - 1464-4096
DOI - 10.1111/bju.13053
Subject(s) - medicine , framingham risk score , lower urinary tract symptoms , logistic regression , international prostate symptom score , confounding , odds ratio , cohort , disease , prostate , cancer
Objective To determine the relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms ( LUTS )/benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ) and 10‐year risk of cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) assessed by the Framingham CVD risk score in a cohort of patients without previous episodes of stroke and/or acute myocardial infarction. Patients and Methods From September 2010 to September 2014, 336 consecutive patients with BPH ‐related LUTS were prospectively enrolled. The general 10‐year Framingham CVD risk score, expressed as percentage and assessing the risk of atherosclerotic CVD events, was calculated for each patient. Individuals with low risk had ≤10% CVD risk at 10 years, with intermediate risk 10–20% and with high risk ≥20%. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify variables for predicting a Framingham CVD risk score of ≥10% and moderate–severe LUTS (International Prostate Symptom Score [ IPSS ] ≥8), adjusted for confounding factors. Results As category of Framingham CVD risk score increased, we observed higher IPSS (18.0 vs 18.50 vs 19.0; P < 0.05), high IPSS –voiding (6.0 vs 9.0 vs 9.5; P < 0.05) and worse sexual function. Prostate volume significantly increased in those with intermediate‐ vs low‐risk scores (54.5 vs 44.1 mL ; P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that intermediate‐ [odds ratio ( OR ) 8.65; P < 0.01) and high‐risk scores ( OR 1.79; P < 0.05) were independently associated with moderate–severe LUTS . At age‐adjusted logistic regression analysis, moderate–severe LUTS was independently associated with Framingham CVD risk score of ≥10% ( OR 5.91; P < 0.05). Conclusion Our cross‐sectional study in a cohort of patients with LUTS – BPH showed an increase of more than five‐fold of having a Framingham CVD risk score of ≥10% in men with moderate–severe LUTS .