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A CD 138‐independent strategy to detect minimal residual disease and circulating tumour cells in multiple myeloma
Author(s) -
Muz Barbara,
Puente Pilar,
Azab Feda,
Luderer Micah John,
King Justin,
Vij Ravi,
Azab Abdel Kareem
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
british journal of haematology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.907
H-Index - 186
eISSN - 1365-2141
pISSN - 0007-1048
DOI - 10.1111/bjh.13927
Subject(s) - multiple myeloma , minimal residual disease , bone marrow , bortezomib , in vivo , population , cancer research , biomarker , circulating tumor cell , medicine , pathology , immunology , biology , cancer , metastasis , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , environmental health
Summary CD 138 (also termed SDC 1) has been the gold‐standard surface marker to detect multiple myeloma ( MM ) cells for decades; however, drug‐resistant residual and circulating MM cells were shown to have lower expression of this marker. In this study, we have shown that residual MM cells following bortezomib treatment are hypoxic. This combination of drug exposure and hypoxia down‐regulates their CD 138 expression, thereby making this marker unsuitable for detecting residual or other hypoxic MM cells, such as circulating tumour cells, in MM . Hence, we developed an alternative biomarker set which detects myeloma cells independent of their hypoxic and CD 138 expression status in vitro , in vivo and in primary MM patients. The new markers were able to identify a clonal CD 138‐negative population as minimal residual disease in the bone marrow and peripheral blood of MM patients. Further investigation to characterize the role of this population as a prognostic marker in MM is warranted.