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The pathogenesis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in organ transplant recipients
Author(s) -
Harwood C.A.,
Toland A.E.,
Proby C.M.,
Euvrard S.,
Hofbauer G.F.L.,
Tommasino M.,
Bouwes Bavinck J.N.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
british journal of dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.304
H-Index - 179
eISSN - 1365-2133
pISSN - 0007-0963
DOI - 10.1111/bjd.15956
Subject(s) - pathogenesis , organ transplantation , immunology , keratinocyte , basal cell , biology , cancer research , transplantation , skin cancer , immune system , medicine , cancer , pathology , genetics , cell culture
Summary The pathogenesis of keratinocyte carcinoma following organ transplantation is multifactorial, and recent evidence suggests a complex and often synergistic interplay between the carcinogenic effects of ultraviolet radiation, compromised immune surveillance, direct pro‐ and anticarcinogenic effects of drugs, oncogenic viruses (in particular, beta‐genus human papillomaviruses) and host genetic susceptibility factors. We present an overview of those factors for which there is currently the most convincing evidence and highlight important gaps in our knowledge. In particular, a clear understanding of the interdependence and relative contributions of these co‐factors is currently lacking, yet has important implications for rational development of clinically relevant biomarkers and targeted strategies for treatment and prevention of post‐transplant keratinocyte cancers.