Premium
Low‐ and high‐risk human papillomavirus genotype infections in intra‐anal warts in HIV ‐positive men who have sex with men
Author(s) -
Siegenbeek van Heukelom M.L.,
Richel O.,
Vries H.J.C.,
Sandt M.M.,
Beck S.,
Munckhof H.A.M.,
Pirog E.C.,
Koning M.N.C.,
Prins J.M.,
Quint K.D.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
british journal of dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.304
H-Index - 179
eISSN - 1365-2133
pISSN - 0007-0963
DOI - 10.1111/bjd.14567
Subject(s) - men who have sex with men , genotyping , medicine , genotype , hpv infection , human papillomavirus , anal cancer , virology , gynecology , gastroenterology , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , biology , cancer , cervical cancer , gene , genetics , syphilis
Summary Background Anogenital warts are often presumed to represent nondysplastic or low‐grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia ( LGAIN ). We previously demonstrated that up to 20% of intra‐anal warts in HIV ‐positive men who have sex with men ( MSM ) contain regions of high‐grade AIN ( HGAIN ). Objectives To determine the causative human papillomavirus ( HPV ) types of low‐ and high‐ grade dysplastic areas in warts from HIV ‐positive MSM . Methods A total of 42 intra‐anal warts from 41 HIV ‐positive MSM were graded as nondysplastic, LGAIN or HGAIN . Whole‐tissue sections ( WTS ) were analysed with the SPF 10 polymerase chain reaction/Li PA 25 HPV genotyping system. If the WTS contained multiple HPV types, dysplastic regions were isolated by laser capture microdissection ( LCM ) for HPV genotyping. Results Overall, 38 of 42 (91%) WTS tested positive for HPV DNA . Of these, 23 (61%) contained a single HPV type and 15 (39%) contained multiple HPV types. All LCM ‐selected regions contained no more than one HPV type. Ten of 42 (24%) WTS contained HGAIN disease, of which six (60%) were associated with a high‐risk HPV (hr HPV ) genotype. Twenty‐three of 42 WTS contained LGAIN disease, of which two (9%) were associated with hr HPV . AIN lesions containing hr HPV types were identified using p16 staining. Conclusions LGAIN lesions can be caused by high‐risk HPV genotypes and vice versa. We therefore recommend routine follow‐up and treatment of all dysplastic intra‐anal warts for HIV ‐positive MSM .