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Attenuation of ultraviolet A ‐induced alterations in NIH 3 T 3 dermal fibroblasts by melatonin
Author(s) -
Rezzani R.,
Rodella L.F.,
Favero G.,
Damiani G.,
Paganelli C.,
Reiter R.J.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
british journal of dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.304
H-Index - 179
eISSN - 1365-2133
pISSN - 0007-0963
DOI - 10.1111/bjd.12622
Subject(s) - melatonin , antioxidant , oxidative stress , reactive oxygen species , chemistry , extracellular , free radical scavenger , heme oxygenase , enzyme , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , endocrinology , heme
Summary Background Sun exposure is responsible for long‐term clinical skin changes such as photoageing, photodamage and photocancers. Ultraviolet ( UV ) A wavelengths stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) that may contribute to photoageing. To protect against oxidative stress, skin cells have developed several defence systems, including ROS and metal ion scavengers and a battery of detoxifying, haem‐degrading and repair enzymes. Melatonin's antioxidant activity is the result of three different but complementary actions: (i) a direct action due to its ability to act as a free radical scavenger; (ii) an indirect action that is a consequence of melatonin's ability to reduce free radical generation (radical avoidance); and (iii) its ability to upregulate antioxidant enzymes. Objectives In this study, we focused our attention on the prevention of photodamage, choosing melatonin as an antioxidant agent. Methods In the present study we analysed the effects of pretreatment of murine fibroblasts cells ( NIH 3T3) with melatonin (1 mmol L −1 ) followed by UVA irradiation (15 J cm −2 ). Thereafter, changes in components of the extracellular matrix and in some antioxidant enzymes (inducible and constitutive haem oxygenase) were evaluated. Results We observed that UVA radiation caused altered expression of extracellular matrix proteins and induced the expression of inducible haem oxygenase. This increase was not sufficient to protect the cells from damage. Instead, melatonin pretreatment led to increased expression of haem‐degrading enzymes and suppression of UVA ‐induced photodamage. Conclusions These results suggest that melatonin, as a modifier of the dermatoendocrine system, may have utility in reducing the effects of skin ageing.