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Multimodal neuroimaging data integration and pathway analysis
Author(s) -
Zhao Yi,
Li Lexin,
Caffo Brian S.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
biometrics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.298
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1541-0420
pISSN - 0006-341X
DOI - 10.1111/biom.13351
Subject(s) - neuroimaging , computer science , context (archaeology) , estimator , data science , modalities , mediation , imaging genetics , artificial intelligence , machine learning , set (abstract data type) , data collection , data mining , psychology , neuroscience , biology , mathematics , statistics , paleontology , social science , sociology , political science , law , programming language
With advancements in technology, the collection of multiple types of measurements on a common set of subjects is becoming routine in science. Some notable examples include multimodal neuroimaging studies for the simultaneous investigation of brain structure and function and multi‐omics studies for combining genetic and genomic information. Integrative analysis of multimodal data allows scientists to interrogate new mechanistic questions. However, the data collection and generation of integrative hypotheses is outpacing available methodology for joint analysis of multimodal measurements. In this article, we study high‐dimensional multimodal data integration in the context of mediation analysis. We aim to understand the roles that different data modalities play as possible mediators in the pathway between an exposure variable and an outcome. We propose a mediation model framework with two data types serving as separate sets of mediators and develop a penalized optimization approach for parameter estimation. We study both the theoretical properties of the estimator through an asymptotic analysis and its finite‐sample performance through simulations. We illustrate our method with a multimodal brain pathway analysis having both structural and functional connectivity as mediators in the association between sex and language processing.