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Differential failure to deactivate the default mode network in unipolar and bipolar depression
Author(s) -
RodríguezCano Elena,
AlonsoLana Silvia,
Sarró Salvador,
FernándezCorcuera Paloma,
Goikolea José M,
Vieta Eduard,
Maristany Teresa,
Salvador Raymond,
McKenna Peter J,
PomarolClotet Edith
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
bipolar disorders
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.285
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1399-5618
pISSN - 1398-5647
DOI - 10.1111/bdi.12517
Subject(s) - bipolar disorder , default mode network , major depressive disorder , depression (economics) , neuroimaging , analysis of variance , psychology , audiology , functional magnetic resonance imaging , mood disorders , mood , psychiatry , neuroscience , medicine , anxiety , economics , macroeconomics
Objectives Neuroimaging studies have revealed evidence of brain functional abnormalities in bipolar depressive disorder ( BDD ) and major depressive disorder ( MDD ). However, few studies to date have compared these two mood disorders directly. Methods Matched groups of 26 BDD type I patients, 26 MDD patients and 26 healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fMRI ) while performing the n‐back working memory task. A whole‐brain ANOVA was used to compare the three groups and clusters of significant difference were examined further using region‐of‐interest ( ROI ) analysis. Results The whole‐brain ANOVA revealed a single cluster of significant difference in the medial frontal cortex. The BDD and MDD patients both showed failure to deactivate in this area compared to the controls. The BDD patients showed significantly greater failure of deactivation than the MDD patients, which was not accounted for by differences in severity or chronicity of illness between them. Conclusions Failure of deactivation, considered to reflect default mode network dysfunction, is present to a greater extent in bipolar than unipolar depression. The study of this network may be useful in the search for brain markers that distinguish the two disorders.