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Increased temporo‐insular engagement in unmedicated bipolar II disorder: an exploratory resting state study using independent component analysis
Author(s) -
Yip Sarah W,
Mackay Clare E,
Goodwin Guy M
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
bipolar disorders
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.285
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1399-5618
pISSN - 1398-5647
DOI - 10.1111/bdi.12206
Subject(s) - bipolar disorder , psychology , resting state fmri , default mode network , functional magnetic resonance imaging , mood , putamen , insula , neuroscience , audiology , psychiatry , medicine
Objectives Despite numerous structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging studies, the neurobiology of bipolar disorder ( BD ) is still incompletely understood. Resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs FMRI ) allows for the study of intrinsic functional connections between brain areas, which may reflect the pathophysiology of BD . Most previous rs FMRI studies conducted in BD have included a majority of medicated patients, making simple interpretation with respect to pathophysiology difficult. Methods Participants were 15 antipsychotic agent‐ and mood‐stabilizer‐naïve young adults with bipolar II disorder ( BD ‐II), and 20 healthy controls group‐matched for gender, age, and cognitive ability. Independent component analysis ( ICA ) was used to identify eight commonly studied resting‐state networks ( RSN s). Between‐group comparisons were conducted using dual regression and corrected for family‐wise error ( FWE ) across space and the number of components (p FWE < 0.05). Results In comparison to controls, participants with BD ‐II had increased coherence across several brain regions, including the bilateral insula and putamen, across a temporo‐insular network. No between‐group differences in engagement of the default mode network were found. Conclusions This was the first ICA ‐based rs FMRI study conducted among unmedicated individuals with BD . Given the young age (mean = 23 years) and antipsychotic agent‐ and mood‐stabilizer‐naïve status of our participants with BD ‐II, temporo‐insular functional connectivity is a candidate vulnerability marker for BD . Further work is needed to relate resting‐state differences to detailed understanding of pathophysiology.