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The developmental basis of disease: Update on environmental exposures and animal models
Author(s) -
Heindel Jerrold J.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
basic and clinical pharmacology and toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.805
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1742-7843
pISSN - 1742-7835
DOI - 10.1111/bcpt.13118
Subject(s) - disease , offspring , exposome , developmental toxicity , obesity , medicine , environmental health , biology , physiology , pregnancy , pathology , genetics , fetus
At the Prenatal Programming and Toxicity ( PPT ox) Conference I in 2008, I presented an overview of the developmental origins of health and disease field focusing on environmental chemical exposures and disease outcomes. At that time, I noted that the field was getting off the ground with a focus on developmental exposure to a small number of endocrine disrupting chemicals ( EDC s) and disease outcomes across the lifespan in animal models. In this update, I note that the DOH aD field has changed significantly over the last decade. There are new windows of susceptibility including preconception, prepuberty, a focus on the mother and not just the offspring, and a significant focus on the new field of epigenetic transgenerational inheritance. New disease focus areas have sprung up including obesity, type 2 diabetes and fatty liver disease, all with a connection to developmental exposures to EDC s. There is also a focus on the study of new EDC s, molecular mechanisms, the development of new biomarkers of exposure and disease outcomes and studies focusing on intervention and prevention studies.