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Effect of feeding rice whole crop silage on growth rate, levels of vitamin A, β‐carotene, vitamin E and IGF ‐1 in plasma and skeletal muscle protein degradation in Japanese black calves
Author(s) -
Tsuruoka Katsuhiko,
Kurahara Takami,
Kanamaru Hidenobu,
Takahashi Hideyuki,
Gotoh Takafumi
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
animal science journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.606
H-Index - 38
eISSN - 1740-0929
pISSN - 1344-3941
DOI - 10.1111/asj.13198
Subject(s) - silage , vitamin , medicine , retinol , endocrinology , zoology , biology
This study evaluated the effects of rice whole crop silage ( RWCS ) on growth, plasma levels of vitamin A, β‐carotene, vitamin E and IGF ‐1, and expression of genes involved in muscle protein degradation and synthesis in Japanese Black calves. Eleven calves were divided into RWCS (fed RWCS ad libitum and concentrate, n = 5) and control groups (fed hay ad libitum and concentrate, n = 6). Final body weight and dairy gain were significantly larger in the RWCS group compared with the control group. Plasma β‐carotene and vitamin E concentrations were significantly higher in the RWCS group compared with control group. Although plasma vitamin E concentration in the RWCS group significantly increased from 4 to 9 months of age, it did not increase in the control group. At 6 months of age in the RWCS group, ubiquitin B ( p < 0.05) and calpain 1 ( p = 0.097) mRNA expression were lower than control group, but they were not different between groups at 9 months of age. These results indicate that RWCS increases plasma β‐carotene level and promotes muscle growth because of a decrease in the rate of protein degradation, but the effect is lost with the increase in plasma vitamin E level.