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Effect of interaction between leucine and acetate on the milk protein synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells
Author(s) -
Zhao Yanli,
Yan Sumei,
Chen Lu,
Shi Binlin,
Guo Xiaoyu
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
animal science journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.606
H-Index - 38
eISSN - 1740-0929
pISSN - 1344-3941
DOI - 10.1111/asj.13125
Subject(s) - ribosomal protein s6 , ampk , p70 s6 kinase 1 , phosphorylation , pi3k/akt/mtor pathway , protein kinase a , leucine , protein biosynthesis , chemistry , casein kinase 2 , casein , signal transduction , biochemistry , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , amino acid , cyclin dependent kinase 2
The interaction between Leucine (Leu) and acetate affecting milk protein synthesis in the bovine mammary epithelial cells ( BMEC s), and underlying the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of Leu, acetate, and their interaction on the expression of genes involved in milk protein synthesis, and JACK 2/ STAT 5, mTOR and AMP ‐activated protein kinase ( AMPK ) signaling pathway. The study was a 2 × 6 factorial arrangement with treatments: Leu concentration (0.45 and 1.8 mM) and acetate concentration (0, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 mM). The results showed that 1.8 mM Leu or 8–10 mM acetate had positive effect on ATP content, the expression of casein genes, JACK 2/ STAT 5 and phosphorylation of mTOR pathway, but reduced AMPK phosphorylation. Leu at 1.8mM had a positive effect on the up‐regulation of acetate on ATP content, the expression of CSN 1S1 , CSN 2 , CSN 3, and JACK 2 , the expression and phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E, p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase‐1, and mTOR , but reducing AMPK phosphorylation. The results suggest that acetate, Leu, and their interaction have effect on milk protein synthesis through the JACK 2/ STAT 5, mTOR , and AMPK pathway. Acetate addition up‐regulated the effect of Leu on milk protein synthesis, and Leu facilitated the up‐regulation of acetate on milk protein synthesis through these pathways.