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Dynamics of cytokine gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of indigenous and exotic breeds of pigs in India
Author(s) -
Kirthika Perumalraja,
Ali Mohammad Ayub,
Behera Parthasarathi,
Subudhi Prasant Kumar,
Tolenkhomba Thingujam Chaa,
Gali Jagan Mohanarao
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
animal science journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.606
H-Index - 38
eISSN - 1740-0929
pISSN - 1344-3941
DOI - 10.1111/asj.12827
Subject(s) - immune system , biology , peripheral blood mononuclear cell , immunology , cytokine , breed , acquired immune system , genetics , in vitro
To incorporate immune competence traits in swine breeding programs, association between immune responsiveness and susceptibility to specific infectious diseases must be established. In order to understand the differences in immune competence between indigenous (Zovawk) and exotic (Large White Yorkshire: LWY) pigs reared in India, we carried out a time course expression analysis of immune‐regulating key cytokine genes ( interleukin ( IL ) ‐2, interferon ( IFN ) ‐γ, IL‐4 and IL‐10 ) in the phytohemagglutinin‐P stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMC s). The IL ‐2 transcript levels in PBMC s increased several thousand‐fold when compared to unstimulated cells in both the breeds, albeit the response in that of Zovawk was remarkably higher. Higher and earlier IFN ‐γ and IL‐4 expression levels in Zovawk pigs suggest that both T H 1 and T H 2 immune responsiveness of this indigenous breed affords better preparedness for danger signals. Moreover, the low expression levels of IL‐10 depict a regulated adaptive immune responsiveness. Remarkable difference between the two breeds of the pigs is evident showing a clear advantage of the Zovawk over LWY in terms of a shorter lag period of adaptive immune response. These findings provide a lead for understanding the genetic differences with respect to immune competence levels of indigenous pigs compared to exotic counterparts.