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Effects of Bacillus spp. on growth, gut microbiota compositions and immunity of sea cucumber ( Apostichopus japonicus )
Author(s) -
Lu Zhen,
Yang Qiuhua,
Lin Qi,
Wu Jianshao,
Du Hong,
Zhou Chen
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
aquaculture research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.646
H-Index - 89
eISSN - 1365-2109
pISSN - 1355-557X
DOI - 10.1111/are.15241
Subject(s) - apostichopus japonicus , bacillus amyloliquefaciens , sea cucumber , biology , bacillus licheniformis , bacillus subtilis , food science , microbiology and biotechnology , zoology , bacteria , ecology , fermentation , genetics
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Bacillus licheniformis CQN‐12, B. amyloliquefaciens CQN‐2, and B. subtilis CQN‐39 originally isolated from the gut of a healthy sea cucumber ( Apostichopus japonicus ), on the growth performance, gut microbiota and immune response of sea cucumbers ( A. japonicus ). Sea cucumbers were fed a commercial pellet feed supplemented with B. licheniformis CQN‐12, B. amyloliquefaciens CQN‐2 or B. subtilis CQN‐39 at different concentrations (0 (control), 10 7 and 10 9 CFU/g respectively), for 60 days. Our results revealed that that dietary B. licheniformis CQN‐12 and B. amyloliquefaciens CQN‐2 (10 7 CFU/g optimal concentration) enhanced growth performance, up‐regulated innate immunity and altered microbial colonization in the gut of sea cucumbers whereas dietary B. subtilis CQN‐39 had no significant effect. Furthermore, diets supplemented with an optimal concentration of B. licheniformis CQN‐12 and B. amyloliquefaciens CQN‐2 stimulated the mRNA expression of superoxide dismutase, lysozyme, and catalase. In conclusion, our study suggests that B. licheniformis CQN‐12 and B. amyloliquefaciens CQN‐2 could be used in feed supplements for healthier production of sea cucumbers in artificial farms.