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The effect of dietary fish meal replacement with blood meal on growth performance, metabolic activities, antioxidant and innate immune responses of fingerlings black carp, Mylopharyngodon piceus
Author(s) -
Twahirwa Innocent,
Wu Chenglong,
Ye Jinyun,
Zhou Qicun
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
aquaculture research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.646
H-Index - 89
eISSN - 1365-2109
pISSN - 1355-557X
DOI - 10.1111/are.14927
Subject(s) - biology , fish meal , glutathione peroxidase , antioxidant , feed conversion ratio , meal , superoxide dismutase , zoology , amylase , food science , catalase , biochemistry , endocrinology , body weight , fishery , enzyme , fish <actinopterygii>
This study was focused on evaluating the effect of dietary fish meal replacement with blood meal on growth performance, metabolic activities, antioxidant and innate immune responses of fingerlings black carp, Mylopharyngodon piceus . Six iso‐nitrogenous and iso‐caloric diets were formulated with varied blood meal (BM) inclusion levels to replace fish meal at 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% (designed as BM0, BM20, BM40, BM60, BM80 and BM100 respectively). Triplicate groups of 25 fish/tank (28.62 ± 0.06 g) were fed one of six experimental diets for 8 weeks. No significant differences were observed in the growth performance including weight gain, specific growth rate, thermal unit growth coefficient and survival among experimental groups. Growth performance was decreased with increasing dietary BM content but BM40 was little higher than BM20, BM60 and BM80 groups and no fish died in this group compared to others. The activity of intestine trypsin was significantly decreased with increasing dietary BM levels, and lower amylase was significantly observed in fish fed diets BM40 and BM100 than other dietary groups ( p < .05). There were no significant differences observed among treatments for lipase, pepsin and chymotrypsin. The activities of hepatic catalase, glutathione peroxidase, the levels of total antioxidant capacity and glutathione were significantly higher in fish fed diets BM0, BM20 and BM40 than other dietary groups. The activity of hepatic superoxide dismutase was significantly lower in fingerlings black carp fed diets BM20 and BM60 than other dietary groups ( p < .05). Hepatic glutathione s‐transferase did not show any significant difference among all dietary treatments ( p > .05). Higher malondialdehyde was significantly observed in fish fed diets BM60 and BM80 than BM0 and BM100 ( p < .05). Serum lysozyme was significantly higher in fish fed diet BM0 than other dietary groups ( p < .05); however, no significant differences were observed for complement C3 and C4. No significant differences were observed on the kidney mRNA expression levels of natural resistance‐associated macrophage protein, interferon‐α, lysozyme and complement C9 among fingerlings black carp fed all experimental diets ( p > .05). Briefly, the results of this research were shown that a suitable level of fish meal replacement with blood meal could be around 40% in the diets of fingerlings black carp without reducing growth performance and innate immune responses.