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Growth performance, immune response and disease resistance of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) fed Thymus vulgaris essential oils
Author(s) -
Zargar Ashkan,
RahimiAfzal Zeinab,
Soltani Elahe,
Taheri Mirghaed Ali,
EbrahimzadehMousavi Hossein Ali,
Soltani Mehdi,
Yuosefi Parastu
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
aquaculture research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.646
H-Index - 89
eISSN - 1365-2109
pISSN - 1355-557X
DOI - 10.1111/are.14243
Subject(s) - biology , lysozyme , rainbow trout , immune system , aeromonas hydrophila , alkaline phosphatase , thymus vulgaris , zoology , plant disease resistance , feed conversion ratio , food science , endocrinology , immunology , fish <actinopterygii> , biochemistry , body weight , fishery , gene , enzyme , essential oil
Efficacy of Thymus vulgaris essential oils was assessed on growth, immune response and disease resistance of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ). Fish weighing 10 g were fed with dietary supplemented of the oils at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 ml/kg feed for 2 months. Fish fed with the oils at 0.5 ml/kg feed demonstrated a better weight gain and specific growth rate, compared to other treatments ( p < .05). Fish fed with 1.0 ml the oils showed the highest up‐regulation of complement component 3 (C3) and (cluster of differentiation 4) (CD4) genes expression ( p < .05), while lysozyme gene expression level significantly increased in fish fed with 2.0 ml of the oils. In addition, at the end of the experiment, the expression of C3 and CD4 genes were significantly up‐regulated in fish fed with 1.0 and 2.0 ml of the oils, while IL‐1ß and lysozyme genes expression levels were significantly decreased in fish fed 2.0 ml oils, towards the end of the trial ( p < .05). There was a fluctuation in the levels of Alanine aminotransferase, Aspartate aminotransferase and Alkaline phosphatase in all treatments during the experiment. When treated fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila , the highest survival rate was observed in 0.5 ml/kg treatment, followed by 2 and 1 mg/kg treatments. Overall, these findings demonstrated that dietary administration of T. vulgaris oils especially at 0.5 mg/kg feed can be considered as a potential component for enhancing of the growth, immune responses and disease resistance of trout against motile Aeromonas septicemia caused by A. hydrophila .