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Polymorphisms of the growth hormone gene in domesticated red sea bream populations ( Pagrus major ) based on minisatellite genotypes and nucleotide sequences
Author(s) -
Sawayama Eitaro,
Matsushige Masayoshi,
Takagi Motohiro
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
aquaculture research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.646
H-Index - 89
eISSN - 1365-2109
pISSN - 1355-557X
DOI - 10.1111/are.13746
Subject(s) - biology , genetics , minisatellite , allele , population , haplotype , linkage disequilibrium , domestication , microsatellite , gene , demography , sociology
The genetic diversity of the growth hormone gene in domesticated red sea bream ( pma GH ) was evaluated using a minisatellite DNA marker located in intron 3 ( pma GH 22 ) and nucleotide sequences. The number of alleles of pma GH 22 was largely decreased in domesticated strains of red sea bream, and the possibility of selection pressures was also detected based on the analysis of the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in some strains. However, each strain inherited a small number of alleles of pma GH 22 , and the entire domesticated population (combining all strains) showed a large number of alleles ( n = 17), similar to the allelic richness of the wild population ( n = 18.5). Based on nucleotide sequencing analysis, three synonym mutations were found in the coding regions, and also several SNP s and indels were found in the noncoding regions. In addition, four genealogies of growth hormone haplotypes were identified based on principal coordinate analysis, and these genealogies of pma GH partly reflected allele size ranges of pma GH 22 . Several haplotypes shared alleles of pma GH 22 , and also fragment size homoplasy in pma GH 22 was suspected. These alleles of pma GH 22 and the haplotypes will be a useful indicator for divergence of pma GH and for broodstock individual selection with minimum inbreeding effect.