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Intestinal bacterial flora of Mediterranean gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata Linnaeus) as a novel source of natural surface active compounds
Author(s) -
Floris Rosanna,
Scanu Giuseppe,
Fois Nicola,
Rizzo Carmen,
Malavenda Roberta,
Spanò Nunziacarla,
Lo Giudice Angelina
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
aquaculture research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.646
H-Index - 89
eISSN - 1365-2109
pISSN - 1355-557X
DOI - 10.1111/are.13580
Subject(s) - biology , aquaculture , bacteria , microbiology and biotechnology , aeromonas , food science , pseudomonas , shrimp , fish <actinopterygii> , fishery , genetics
Microbial communities play different functions in the digestive tract of fish and represent a source of bioactive compounds. This study was aimed to detect the presence of biosurfactant ( BS )‐producing bacteria in the intestine of gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata L.) to select strains candidate for biotechnological applications in aquaculture. A total of 100 bacterial strains were isolated from the guts of three groups of fish and analysed by different qualitative screening tests and the tensiometric analysis. BS s were extracted, characterized by thin‐layer chromatography ( TLC ) and their antibacterial activity against bacterial pathogens of interest in aquaculture was determined. A total of 17 out of 100 strains, affiliated to the genera Pseudomonas (11 isolates), Acinetobacter (1 isolate), Sphingomonas (4 isolates) and Aeromonas (1 isolate), displayed a stable emulsion production with the E 24 index from 0% to 44%, a surface tension reduction from 8.3 to 30 mN /m and 11 of them exhibited antibacterial activity against fish pathogens. The TLC analysis indicated that the intestinal BS s consisted of compounds ascribed to the class of glycolipids–rhamnolipids. This is the first study reporting on the isolation and selection of BS ‐producing bacteria from fish gut, a natural novel source of surface active compounds with potential biotechnological applications in aquaculture.