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Immune responses of L itopenaeus vannamei to non‐ionic ammonia stress: a comparative study on shrimps in freshwater and seawater conditions
Author(s) -
Jia Xuying,
Zhang Dan,
Wang Fang,
Dong Shuanglin
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
aquaculture research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.646
H-Index - 89
eISSN - 1365-2109
pISSN - 1355-557X
DOI - 10.1111/are.12872
Subject(s) - biology , litopenaeus , malondialdehyde , seawater , hepatopancreas , zoology , superoxide dismutase , lipid peroxidation , food science , immunity , shrimp , fishery , antioxidant , immune system , biochemistry , ecology , immunology
To investigate the effect of non‐ionic ammonia ( NH 3 ‐N) stress (0.1 and 0.5 mg L −1 ) on the immunity of L itopenaeus vannamei cultured in long‐term freshwater, the total haemocyte count ( THC ), the activity of phenoloxidase ( PO ), nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ), superoxidase dismutase ( SOD ) and the content of malondialdehyde ( MDA ) were determined and further compared with those of seawater shrimps. The results showed that NH 3 ‐N stress significantly reduced THC and the activity of PO and SOD ( P < 0.05). Under 0.1 mg L −1 NH 3 ‐N stress, NOS activity increased first and then decreased significantly, while it dropped dramatically under 0.5 mg L −1 NH 3 ‐N stress ( P < 0.05). During NH 3 ‐N stress, MDA content increased continuously, and the MDA content in hepatopancreas of freshwater shrimps was higher than that of seawater shrimps. It was concluded that NH 3 ‐N stress significantly influenced the non‐specific immunity and could also upset the balance of antioxidant system of L . vannamei in both freshwater and seawater shrimps. Compared with in seawater, the shrimps in freshwater were more vulnerable to NH 3 ‐N stress because of higher lipid peroxidation and lower immunity.