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Inclusion of camelina meal as a protein source in diets for farmed Atlantic cod Gadus morhua
Author(s) -
Hixson Stefanie M,
Parrish Christopher C,
Wells Jeanette S,
Marie Winkowski E,
Anderson Derek M
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
aquaculture research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.646
H-Index - 89
eISSN - 1365-2109
pISSN - 1355-557X
DOI - 10.1111/are.12710
Subject(s) - gadus , camelina sativa , biology , atlantic cod , fish meal , camelina , meal , food science , palatability , zoology , feed conversion ratio , composition (language) , fatty acid , biochemistry , fish <actinopterygii> , fishery , agronomy , endocrinology , body weight , linguistics , philosophy , crop
Camelina meal Camelina sativa ( CM ) is a potential protein source in aquaculture feeds, because of its crude protein level (39%) and essential amino acids. Two feeding experiments were conducted with Atlantic cod Gadus morhua . Cod in Experiment I (19.4 g fish −1 ) were fed diets with 0%, 12% or 24% CM for 9.5 weeks at 10°C; and cod in Experiment II (14.4 g fish −1 ) were fed diets with 0%, 15%, 30% or 40% CM for 13 weeks at 10°C. Growth, lipid and amino acid tissue composition were compared amongst cod fed varying levels of CM . In Experiment I, cod could tolerate the highest level of CM inclusion (24%) without affecting growth compared to cod fed the control diet. In Experiment II , growth performance was significantly affected at 30% CM inclusion compared to the control treatment, and cod fed 15% CM displayed some signs of depressed growth (reduced feed intake and weight gain). Both treatment and duration were interacting factors ( P = 0.015) that determined growth performance when comparing both experiments. Muscle tissue composition was relatively unaltered with less than 30% CM inclusion; however, multivariate statistics revealed significant differences in muscle tissue fatty acid composition between cod fed 40% CM and the control diet. The tissue amino acid profile was generally unaltered because the dietary amino acid profile was consistent after CM inclusion. A few antinutritive compounds in CM may have affected palatability in diets with greater than 30% CM inclusion, which may have resulted in reduced growth performance.