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Rotifers enriched with iodine, copper and manganese had no effect on larval cod ( G adus morhua ) growth, mineral status or redox system gene m RNA levels
Author(s) -
Penglase Sam,
Hamre Kristin,
Olsvik Pål A,
Grøtan Espen,
Nordgreen Andreas
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
aquaculture research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.646
H-Index - 89
eISSN - 1365-2109
pISSN - 1355-557X
DOI - 10.1111/are.12332
Subject(s) - gadus , rotifer , biology , atlantic cod , larva , zinc , iodine , manganese , zoology , ecology , food science , fishery , fish <actinopterygii> , chemistry , organic chemistry
It currently remains unclear if rotifers contain sufficient mineral levels to meet larval fish requirements. In this study, rotifers were enriched with a commercial enrichment (control), or with additional iodine, iodine and copper, or iodine, copper and manganese, and the effects of feeding these rotifers to Atlantic cod ( G adus morhua ) larvae from 3 to 18 days post hatch were investigated. Rotifer enrichment with minerals was successful, but Mn enrichment also increased rotifer zinc levels. No differences were observed between treatments in larval growth or survival, or in the m RNA levels in the majority of the redox system genes analysed. Only Zn levels increased in cod larvae in response to mineral enrichment of rotifers. Apart from Zn , little evidence was found to suggest that cod larvae require increased concentrations above the control rotifer levels of the essential elements studied here.